Design of a Hybrid Fault-Tolerant Control System for Air–Fuel Ratio Control of Internal Combustion Engines Using Genetic Algorithm and Higher-Order Sliding Mode Control

Fault-tolerant control systems (FTCS) are used in safety and critical applications to improve reliability availability for sustained operation fault situations. These may be process facilities reduce significant production losses caused by irregular unplanned equipment tripping. Internal combustion (IC) engines widely the sector, efficient air–fuel ratio (AFR) regulation fuel system of these is increasing engine efficiency, conserving energy, protecting environment. In this paper, a hybrid fault-tolerant has been proposed, being combination two parts which known as an active passive system. The part designed using genetic algorithm-based detection isolation unit. This algorithm provides estimated values unit case any sensor. higher-order sliding mode with extra actuator supply line. performance was tested experimentally MATLAB/Simulink Based on simulation results, can sustain AFR despite sensor failures. A new method managing IC demonstrated study, it highly capable, robust, reliable, effective. comparison existing works found literature also proves its superior performance. By inserting each sensor, clearly observed that proposed HFTCS much better than model more due ability work both online offline modes. It provided exact value 14.6 without degradation.